ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:Existing evidence has shown that xenogeneic bone derived graft materials have the ability to repair bone defects, but little report is on the comparison of composition of xenogeneic bone and human bone. OBJECTIVE:To analyze the chemical composition, mineral phase, calcium and phosphorus contents, total protein contents, and appearance of the cancel ous bones of the tibia from pig, bovine and human. METHODS:Cancel ous bones of the tibia from pig, Banna miniature pig, bovine, young and old people were cut into bone particles of 0.5 cm×0.5 cm×0.5 cm. After degreasing or drying treatment, chemical composition, mineral phase, calcium and phosphorus contents, total protein contents of bone particles were detected using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, plasma emission spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and Kjeldahl method, respectively. Nano Measurer 1.2 and Photoshop cs6 were used to measure pore diameter and porosity rate based on the results of scanning electron microscope. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The main inorganic phase of five kinds of cancel ous bones was hydroxyapatite and the main chemical composition was phosphate and carbonate. The calcium content of the bovine cancel ous bonewas lower than that of the other cancel ous bones (P<0.05) and the phosphorus content of the cacel ous bone of young man was higher than that of the pig and bovine cancel ous bones (P<0.01). The total protein content in the cancel ous bones of normal pig and Banna miniature pig was higher than that in the other three kinds of cancel ous bones (P<0.05). The pore diameter of five kinds of cancel ous bones was 400 to 600μm and the porosity rate was 60%to 70%. Moreover, the porosity rate of the bovine cancel ous bone was the highest. Therefore, we conclude that there are some certain differences in the organic and inorganic components of the pig or bovine cancel ous bones as compared with humans.
ABSTRACT
Objective To explore the effect of T140 on SDF-1 and MMPs levels through targeted blocking SDF-1/CXCR4 signaling pathway , and to investigate the function of T140 to prevent from cartilage degeneration. Methods Thirty-six 9-month-old male healthy Hartley guinea pigs were divided into three groups: experimental group(group A,n = 12),experimental control group(group B,n = 12) and blank control group (group C,n = 12). In the 2nd,4th,6th,8th,10th,12th week, the levels of SDF-1 in serum were quantified with ELISA. In the 12th week, mRNA levels of MMP-3,MMP-9 and MMP-13 in articular cartilages were measured with RT-PCR. Results The serum levels of SDF-1 of the group A decreased gradually but increased in group B and C. Group A had a statistical significance compared with group B and C at the same time point (P< 0.05).The mRNA levels of MMPs in group A were lower than group B and C (P < 0.05). Conclusion T140 could block the SDF-1/CRCR4 signaling pathway and decrease the secretion of SDF-1 and mRNA expression levels of MMPs and reduce the cartilage degeneration.